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Random processes discover simple solutions Rationale
When a random process is used to randomly build a solution to a problem
The random process will naturally discover simple solutions
More often than complex solutions
This is the principle of a solution found by a random process
And for example, it is why Occam's razor can be used
When trying to understand a natural process
And perhaps
Why the phrase "as simple as possible - but not any simpler"
Might perhaps, apply to physics
If universes were to be created by a random process
Then the suggestion is, that simple universes
Will be created more often than complex universes
If our universe was created by a random process, then out of the simple and complex universes that lead to life, and without any further inferences
The odds might be in favour of us being in one of those simple universes that has life
From the universe's elementary particles and basic building blocks, through to our planet's building blocks of life
Between universes that have particles and those that have quantum fields
At a guess, a universe that has particles might be easier to create
Than a universe that has quantum fields
So, as a question, is there any possibility at all that our universe could be a universe of particles?
Is there a possibility that the atom in our universe
Is a system of particles?
Modelling the atom Rationale
The goal of this simple physics model
Is to model the atom
Using particles
In this simple physics model, the subatomic particles have a shape, and a size, and a structure
And at any one moment in time, a specific position in three dimensional space
And they interact with other subatomic particles, or interact with electric field particles, when their surfaces touch
The following animation shows the shapes and structures of the model's subatomic particles, the button steps through the particles, the button start / stops the animation (any of the buttons can be used in pause mode)
The Subatomic Particles
The mathematics of quantum field theory models the atom
But once past the single electron hydrogen atom
The calculations become remarkably complex
And yet by comparison, if atoms were to be modelled using particles
Then the calculations might be able to be completed fully
Regardless as to the atom being modelled
And by watching a computer simulation of the atom
We might be able to understand everything
From the atom through to any molecule or substance, and on to viruses, bacteria, medicines and biological processes
If the hydrogen atom were to be modelled using particles
Then in a sense
It may be possible to understand everything
Modern physics model Rationale
The quantum field theory understanding of the hydrogen atom
Is obtained by calculating the probability of where the electron may be found
When a measurement is taken to determine the electron's position
When the electron is near a proton
Image produced by Wikipedia user PoorLeno
For reference, here is a YouTube video (2020) animation of the 3D mapped quantum field theory atomic orbitals of the single electron hydrogen atom
Atomic orbitals animation
0 minutes : atomic orbitals
1 minutes : orbitals with quantum "value" 2
3 minutes : orbitals with quantum "value" 3
5 minutes : higher orbitals
For reference, here is a YouTube video (2022) of Arvin Ash discussing particles and quantum fields
Particles and fields
0 minutes : history of modern physics
1 minutes : advent of quantum mechanics
5 minutes : problems with quantum mechanics
7 minutes : quantum field theory
9 minutes : QFT explains forces
11 minutes : QFT is incomplete
For reference, here is a YouTube video (2021) of Arvin Ash discussing how quantum mechanics predicts the structure of atoms
Quantum mechanics and atoms
0 minutes : quantum mechanics and atom structure
1 minutes : it's all about electron shells
2 minutes : Schrodinger equation predicts elements
3 minutes : shell numbers are special
6 minutes : solving the wave function
8 minutes : visualizing an atom's wave function
9 minutes : shells correspond to the periodic table
12 minutes : orbitals and shells
For reference, here is a YouTube video (2025) of Gerard ’t Hooft discussing if the universe could be like a cosmic pinball machine
Every ball following a fixed path, no randomness, no mystery, quantum mechanics invented to cope with our ignorance
The Nobel Laureate who asks - could quantum theory be wrong
0 minutes : why quantum mechanics is fundamentally wrong
5 minutes : the frustrating blind spots of modern physicists
17 minutes : the 'true' equations of the universe will have no superposition
39 minutes : can this radical theory even be falsified
46 minutes : how superdeterminism defeats Bell's Theorem
58 minutes : 't Hooft's radical view on quantum gravity
A Physics Model The Simple Model The Simple Universe
A Physics Model The Simple Model The Simple Universe
An Example Of A Solution Found By A Random Process Rationale
When a random process is used to find a solution to a problem
The random process will naturally discover the simpler solutions, more frequently than the complex solutions
That is the principle of a solution found by a random process
Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) is the molecule that carries the genetic information of living things
A DNA molecule is formed using the building blocks cytosine, guanine, adenine, thymine
All living things on earth are defined, by placing those four building blocks into ever longer and varied sequences into a DNA molecule
Evolution occurs because of random changes in the DNA molecules passed on from parent to offspring
Evolution produces simple solutions because of the principle of a solution found by a random process
For example, animals are able to assess what is around them, and a part of that requires objects to be seen distinctly
Evolution has achieved this for some animals by giving their eyes imperceptible tiny to and fro movements, causing the edges of an object's image on the eye's retina to oscillate in intensity
This allows edges in a scene to automatically stand out from the overall visual signals being sent to the animal's brain
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A Physics Model The Simple Model The Simple Universe
An Example Of A Simple Universe Rationale
A universe might be simple
If it has components with few qualities
And those few qualities are simple
The following is an example of a simple universe
Space is three dimensional
Which as a suggestion, has an outer edge that continuously moves away from a central position, continuously increasing the amount of the three dimensional space
One type of elementary particle
Which as a suggestion, is created steadily over time at the expanding edge of the universe
The elementary particle has a shape, which as a suggestion, is strand shaped, and the head and tail of the elementary strand shaped particle move continuously at constant speeds against a static universal reference frame in the three dimensional space
One type of elementary force carrier particle
Which as a suggestion, is created steadily over time by the elementary strand shaped particle
The constant speed of the head of the elementary strand shaped particle, which as a suggestion, is greater than the constant speed of its tail, causes the strand shaped particle to continuously extend itself
Eventually the head of the strand shaped particle breaks free, and the new head of the strand shaped particle repeats the process
The part of the head that breaks free becomes a force carrier particle, which is also in the shape of a strand
One elementary interaction
Which as a suggestion, is that the strand shaped particles tend to stick to each other when their surfaces touch, and while in contact, they influence each other's direction of travel
When a force carrier strand shaped particle catches up with an elementary strand shaped particle and passes it by, their touching surfaces are moving at different speeds
As a suggestion, this causes the touching side of the elementary strand shaped particle to stretch out, and the touching side of the force carrier strand shaped particle to compress up, and the two strand shaped particles curve around into an arc together
When a force carrier strand shaped particle meets an elementary strand shaped particle head-on and passses it by, their touching surfaces are moving in opposite directions
As a suggestion, this causes the touching sides of both strand shaped particles to compress up, and the two strand shaped particles twist around each other before passing on by
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A Physics Model The Simple Model The Simple Universe
An Example Of A Complex Universe Rationale
A universe might be complex
If it has components that have many qualities
And those many qualities are complex
The following is an example of a complex universe
Space is three dimensional
Without a center nor an outer edge to the space
For example, the three dimensional space is curved into a fourth dimension
The space continuously expands into the fourth dimension
The particles inside the universe do not have access to the fourth dimension
Seventeen types of elementary particles
Structured as excitations of seventeen types of quantum fields that are present thoughout space
And the excitations were around 1080 or more in number when created at the beginning of the universe
The elementary particles occupy space
According to a probability amplitude
And an uncertainty principle
Some of the elementary particles obey an exclusion principle
The elementary particles move
Without reference to a universal reference frame
Some of the elementary particles
Have a quality, electric charge
That comes in an amount of either +1/3, +2/3, +1, -1/3, -2/3, or -1 electric charge
Some of the elementary particles
Have a quality, colour charge
That comes in an amount of either one red, one green, one blue, one antired, one antigreen, or one antiblue amount of colour charge
Thirteen types of elementary force carrier particles
The gauge bosons
Which mediate interactions between the elementary particles
Four fundamental interactions
Gravitational, electromagnetic, weak, strong
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A Physics Model The Simple Model The Simple Universe
Why Everything May Be Able To Be Modelled Rationale
Our world consists of atoms
If the atom is modelled on the basis of quantum field theory, then the atoms beyond hydrogen, have so far, required approximated results
If the atom is modelled on the basis of ordinary particles, then the calculations may be able to be completed, regardless as to which atomic element is being modelled
This means that the model of the atom
May also be able to model any molecule, and then any substance, and so on, to everything
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A Physics Model The Simple Model The Simple Universe
To Understand The Hydrogen Atom - Is To Understand All Of Physics Rationale
If we were to understand the hydrogen atom completely
Then we would understand the electron and the proton
For they are what a hydrogen atom is
And that would mean
That we would understand electric charge, electric fields and mass
For these things are what an electron and proton are
And by understanding the electron and the proton
Then we would understand light
For light is emitted when electrons and protons come together to form hydrogen
And it would also mean
That we would understand the neutron and all the nuclei
For they are formed from the electron and the proton
And finally, if we were to understand the hydrogen atom completely
Then we would understand gravity
For hydrogen atoms are attracted to each other
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